PART ONE: Lakota History and Traditions

Language - Lakota Pronunciation
   “c” = “ch”
   “s” = “sh”
   vowels are long
   “i” = “ee”

American Indian Sign Language
American Indian sign language is one of the world’s first standardized universal languages. The American Indian people have always loved to trade and travel. Sign language was necessary to communicate because the indigenous languages are so different from each other. This is why, over the course of many generations, the beautiful and expressive system of gestures known as Plains Indian Sign Language developed. To show how different American Indian languages can be from one another, here is a greeting in several languages spoken in the state of North Dakota.
   English — Hello, my Friend
   Arikara — ciiRA wekuNAxuu’Ut
   Cree — Tansi Nici
   Dakota — Hau Koda
   Hidatsa — Doja dzi Madagu
   Mandan — Tashka sha & Tashka na
   for men: Ojibwe / for women: Boju Niji